Documents disponibles écrits par cet auteur

*** / BELL J. ; BURRELL T. ; INDIG D. ; GILMOUR S. in Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 81 (1) (2006)

[article]  in Drug and Alcohol Dependence > 81 (1) (2006)  - p.55-61 Titre : *** Titre autre langue : Cycling in and out of treatment ; participation in methadone treatment in NSW, 1990-2002 Type de document : Périodique Auteurs : BELL J. ; BURRELL T. ; INDIG D. ; GILMOUR S. Année de publication : 2006 Article en page(s) : p.55-61 Caractéristiques matérielles : tabl. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Thésaurus ETUDE LONGITUDINALE ; METHADONE ; RETENTION ; TRAITEMENT DE MAINTENANCE Descripteurs géographiques AUSTRALIE Résumé : Background There are few descriptions of patterns of long-term participation in methadone treatment. There has been progressive expansion of methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) in Australia in the last 15 years, and by international standards Australia has a high participation rate in MMT, and has accumulated extensive data on participation. Aim (1) To analyse predictors of retention in treatment (a proxy measure of treatment effectiveness) in three cohorts of people entering public and private methadone treatment, in 1990, 1995, and 2000 in the state of New South Wales (NSW), and to compare retention rates with those reported from recent clinical trials; and (2) to describe the pattern of participation in subsequent treatment and predictors of re-entry. Method Sequential first admissions to MMT for the month of February during 1990, 1995, and 2000, were identified from the NSW Health database. Initial treatment setting (public or private) was identified. Pattern of subsequent participation in treatment of all subjects was also extracted. Descriptive statistics were generated, and predictors of retention in treatment and re-entry to treatment were analysed. Results The sample comprised 342 subjects commencing in private and 135 in public settings. Retention did not differ between settings. At 6 months, 51 % in the current study were retained, compared to 48 % in pooled clinical trials from Australia. There was a significant cohort effect ; at 3 months retention was significantly better in the 1990 cohort, but by 12 months, differences between the year-cohorts were not statistically significant. Most people who left treatment dropped out ; two-thirds subsequently re-entered MMT, often having multiple episodes. Participation in non-continuous treatment was around 45 % for the 5 years after first entering treatment. RESUME INCOMPLET. (Review's abstract). Cote CIRDD : 806066 Thématique : Drogues illicites Bibliographie : 20 Permalink : http://doc.cirddalsace.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=7991 [article]

*** / SHEARER J. ; WHITE B. ; GILMOUR S. ; WODAK A. D. ; DOLAN K. A. in Drug and Alcohol Review, 25 (5) (2006)

[article]  in Drug and Alcohol Review > 25 (5) (2006)  - p.425-431 Titre : *** Titre autre langue : Hair analysis underestimates heroin use in prisoners Type de document : Périodique Auteurs : SHEARER J. ; WHITE B. ; GILMOUR S. ; WODAK A. D. ; DOLAN K. A. Année de publication : 2006 Article en page(s) : p.425-431 Caractéristiques matérielles : fig., tabl. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Thésaurus METHADONE ; TRAITEMENT DE MAINTENANCE ; PHANERES ; DEPISTAGE ; OBSERVANCE DU TRAITEMENT ; HEROINE Résumé : The value of hair analysis in measuring treatment outcome was examined in a randomised controlled trial (RCT) of an Australian state prison-based methadone programme between 1997 and 1998 (n = 382 male prisoners). Hair samples were analysed for morphine using immunoassay techniques. Agreement between hair analysis and self-report was tested using kappa, McNemar's test of symmetry and Pearson's correlation coefficient r. Hair analysis based on immunoassay was inadequate as the primary outcome measure for the RCT but had value in supplementing self-reported heroin use. There was a modest correlation (r = 0,31, p < 0,001) between self-reported frequency of heroin use and morphine concentrations in hair. Sectional hair analysis, a reflection of duration of drug use, was uninformative and generally impractical due to the length of hair sections needed. (Review's abstract). Cote CIRDD : 806475 Thématique : Drogues illicites Bibliographie : 31 Permalink : http://doc.cirddalsace.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=7204 [article]

(Impacts de la réduction de l'offre d'héroïne selon l'âge dans le New South Wales) / DEGENHARDT L. ; DAY C. ; CONROY E. ; GILMOUR S. ; HALL W. in Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 79 (3) (2005)

[article]  in Drug and Alcohol Dependence > 79 (3) (2005)  - p.397-404 Titre : (Impacts de la réduction de l'offre d'héroïne selon l'âge dans le New South Wales) Titre autre langue : Age differentials in the impacts of reduced heroin : Effects of a "heroin shortage" in NSW, Australia Type de document : Périodique Auteurs : DEGENHARDT L. ; DAY C. ; CONROY E. ; GILMOUR S. ; HALL W. Année de publication : 2005 Article en page(s) : p.397-404 Caractéristiques matérielles : graph. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Thésaurus AGE ; EVOLUTION ; OFFRE ; CONSOMMATION ; REDUCTION DES RISQUES ; HEROINE Résumé : Background : This paper uses a unique event, the Australian heroin shortage, to see whether an abrupt, substantial and sustained change in heroin supply had different effects on harms related to heroin use among younger and older heroin users. Method : Indicator data were examined by age group on the number of persons entering treatment for heroin and amphetamine dependence, arrests for heroin use/possession and number of drug related deaths in NSW, Australia. Data were analysed using times series analysis. Results : There was a 41 % reduction in the number of new registrations for opioid pharmacotherapy per month among 25-34 year olds, and a 26 % reduction among 15-24 year olds, but no apparent changes among older age groups. Similarly, reductions in the number of non-pharmacological heroin treatment episodes were most pronounced among younger age groups. There was a 49 % reduction in the number of heroin possession/use offences among those aged 15-24 years, compared to declines of 31-40 % among older age groups. Declines in heroin related deaths were greatest among 15-24 year olds (65 % reduction). There was no change in other drug related deaths in any age group. Conclusions : A reduction in heroin supply was followed by greater reductions in heroin related harms among younger than older people, across a number of outcome domains. (Review's abstract). Cote CIRDD : 806011 Thématique : Drogues illicites Bibliographie : 43 Permalink : http://doc.cirddalsace.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=6105 [article]

*** / COPELAND J. ; GILMOUR S. ; GATES P. ; SWIFT W. in Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 80 (3) (2005)

[article]  in Drug and Alcohol Dependence > 80 (3) (2005)  - p.313-319 Titre : *** Titre autre langue : The Cannabis Problems Questionnaire : Factor structure, reliability, and validity Type de document : Périodique Auteurs : COPELAND J. ; GILMOUR S. ; GATES P. ; SWIFT W. Année de publication : 2005 Article en page(s) : p.313-319 Caractéristiques matérielles : tabl. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Thésaurus FIABILITE ; DEPENDANCE ; QUESTIONNAIRE ; VALIDITE ; ABUS ; CANNABIS ; DIAGNOSTIC Résumé : Aim To develop a multi-dimensional valid and reliable measure of cannabis-related problems. Method The Cannabis Problems Questionnaire (CPQ) was developed from the Alcohol Problems Questionnaire to measure cannabis treatment outcome. The CPQ was administered on two occasions 1 week apart to a stratified sample of adults who had used cannabis at least once in the previous 3 months. Exploratory factor analyses were conducted and the relationship between items of the CPQ and measures of daily use and dependence assessed. The reliability of the CPQ was also assessed using a test-retest and inter-rater reliability methodology. Results Exploratory factor analyses revealed a three factor solution best described the data accounting for 57 % of the variance in the larger item set. The CPQ is highly reliable with test-retest tetrachoric correlations of between 0,92 and 1,00 and inter-rater reliability correlations between 0,74 and 1,00. The total CPQ score classified DSM-IV cannabis dependence with 84 % specificity and sensitivity and daily cannabis use with 83 % specificity and 55 % sensitivity. Conclusions The 22-item CPQ is a valid, reliable and sensitive measure of cannabis-related problems for use with clinical and research populations of current cannabis users. (Review's abstract). Cote CIRDD : 806054 Thématique : Drogues illicites Bibliographie : 24 Permalink : http://doc.cirddalsace.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=6182 [article]

*** / DEGENHARDT L. ; CONROY E. ; DAY C. ; GILMOUR S. ; HALL W. in Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 79 (2) (2005)

[article]  in Drug and Alcohol Dependence > 79 (2) (2005)  - p.129-135 Titre : *** Titre autre langue : The impact of a reduction in drug supply on demand for and compliance with treatment for drug dependence Type de document : Périodique Auteurs : DEGENHARDT L. ; CONROY E. ; DAY C. ; GILMOUR S. ; HALL W. Année de publication : 2005 Article en page(s) : p.129-135 Caractéristiques matérielles : graph. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Thésaurus EVOLUTION ; OFFRE ; TRAITEMENT ; DEMANDE ; MARCHE DE LA DROGUE Résumé : Background : In early 2001, Australia experienced a sudden, dramatic and sustained decrease in heroin availability that was accompanied by sharp increases in price and decreases in street level purityÄthe so-called ôheroin shortageö. These unprecedented changes occurred in a context of widespread treatment availability, which made it possible for the first time to examine the impact of a sharp reduction in heroin supply in New South Wales (NSW) on entry to and adherence with treatment for heroin dependence. Given the evidence of drug substitution by some users, the current paper also examines the effects of the shortage on entry to treatment for other forms of drug dependence. Methods : Interrupted time-series analysis of the number of persons entering opioid pharmacotherapy and other treatment modalities in NSW for heroin dependence and for the treatment for other types of drug dependence. Findings : The heroin shortage was associated with a reduction in the number of younger persons entering opioid pharmacotherapy. There was a dramatic decrease in the number of persons entering heroin withdrawal or "assessment only" treatment episodes. There appear to have been small improvements in adherence to and retention in heroin treatment after the reduction in heroin supply. Relatively small increases were observed in numbers being treated for cocaine dependence. Conclusions : In the context of good treatment provision, a reduction in heroin supply appeared to produce modest improvements in intermediate outcomes. Supply and demand reduction measures, when both are implemented successfully, may be complementary. (Review's abstract). Cote CIRDD : 804972 Thématique : Drogues illicites Bibliographie : 37 Permalink : http://doc.cirddalsace.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=6306 [article]