Dépouillements

*** / GDOVINOVA Z. in Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 81 (3) (2006)

[article]  in Drug and Alcohol Dependence > 81 (3) (2006)  - p.207-213 Titre : *** Titre autre langue : Cerebral blood flow velocity and erythrocyte deformability in heavy alcohol drinkers at the acute stage and two weeks after withdrawal Type de document : Périodique Auteurs : GDOVINOVA Z. Année de publication : 2006 Article en page(s) : p.207-213 Caractéristiques matérielles : fig., graph. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Thésaurus PATHOLOGIE ; ALCOOL ; APPAREIL CARDIOVASCULAIRE Résumé : Objective The aim of the study was to measure changes in blood flow velocity (Vmean) and erythrocyte deformability (ED) in heavy alcohol drinkers after withdrawal and the relationship between them. Methods The subjects were 32 heavy alcohol drinkers, mean age 47 years (22 men and 10 women). Vmean was determined by a transcranial 2 MHz pulsed Doppler probe. ED was estimated by the method of cation-osmotic haemolysis (COH). The results were compared with those for 20 healthy volunteers. Results The study revealed a significant decrease in Vmean and ED after admission. Vmean in the left middle cerebral artery (MCA) was 45,1 + 10,2 cm/s as compared with 59,1 + 7,5 cm/s in controls ; in the right MCA, it was 46,8 + 11,3 cm/s as compared with 59,0 + 7,6 cm/s in controls (p < 0, 001 in each case). But while Vmean was significantly increased after 14 days withdrawal (54,4 + 10,4 cm/s in the left MCA, p < 0,001, and 54,3 + 12,1 cm/s in the right MCA, p < 0,01), ED showed only small change. A significant difference between Vmean in men and women was found. Conclusion The changes in Vmean after withdrawal are more influenced by plasma composition than by changes in ED. (Review's abstract). Cote CIRDD : 806134 Thématique : Alcool Bibliographie : 35 Permalink : http://doc.cirddalsace.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=8028 [article]

*** / PETERSSON A. ; GARLE M. ; GRANATH F. ; THIBLIN I. in Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 81 (3) (2006)

[article]  in Drug and Alcohol Dependence > 81 (3) (2006)  - p.215-220 Titre : *** Titre autre langue : Morbidity and mortality in patients testing positively for the presence of anabolic androgenic steroids in connection with receiving medical care Type de document : Périodique Auteurs : PETERSSON A. ; GARLE M. ; GRANATH F. ; THIBLIN I. Année de publication : 2006 Article en page(s) : p.215-220 Caractéristiques matérielles : graph., tabl. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Thésaurus MORTALITE ; FACTEUR DE RISQUE ; ANABOLISANTS Résumé : Observations by health-care professionals suggest that the use of anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) may be associated with lethal complications, but this has not yet been confirmed by controlled epidemiological studies. Here, we investigated the diagnoses (in the Swedish patient care records) and mortality rate among patients who tested positively for the presence of AAS (n = 248) in connection with receiving medical care. Patients who had tested negatively (n = 1215) were used for comparison. The proportions of patients who had received institutionalized care for substance abuse, psychiatric disorder or central thoracic pain were significantly higher in the AAS-positive subjects (RR = 2,2, 95 % CI = 1, 2-4,2 ; RR = 2,1, 95 % CI = 1,4-3.2 and RR = 3,5, 95 % CI = 1,1-10, 9, respectively). Furthermore, unspecified convulsions were highly over-represented in the AAS-positive group (RR = 53,9, 95 % CI = 7,0-415,7) and one of these patients died during a seizure. The standardized mortality ratios (SMR) in the AAS-positive patients and-negative patients were 20.43 (95 % CI = 10,56-35,70) and 6,02 (95 % CI = 3,77-9,12), respectively. The relatively higher SMR in the AAS-positive patients was observed irrespective of what type clinic had referred the patients for AAS testing. In conclusion, use of AAS appears to be an indicator of increased risk for premature death in several categories of patients. However, the nature of the association between AAS and premature death remains unclear and additional research on this question is urgently required. (Review's abstract). Cote CIRDD : 806079 Thématique : Médicaments Bibliographie : 22 Permalink : http://doc.cirddalsace.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=8029 [article]

*** / BUCHANAN D. ; TOOZE J. A. ; SHAW S. ; KINZLY M. ; HEIMER R. ; SINGER M. in Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 81 (3) (2006)

[article]  in Drug and Alcohol Dependence > 81 (3) (2006)  - p.221-229 Titre : *** Titre autre langue : Demographic, HIV risk behavior, and health status characteristics of "crack" cocaine injectors compared to other injection drug users in three New England cities Type de document : Périodique Auteurs : BUCHANAN D. ; TOOZE J. A. ; SHAW S. ; KINZLY M. ; HEIMER R. ; SINGER M. Année de publication : 2006 Article en page(s) : p.221-229 Caractéristiques matérielles : tabl. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Thésaurus SANTE ; INJECTION ; CONDUITE A RISQUE ; COCAINE ; CRACK ; COMPARAISON Résumé : Objectives To compare demographic, HIV risk behaviors, and health status characteristics of injection drug users (IDUs) who have injected "crack" cocaine with IDUs who have not. Methods Nine hundred and eighty-nine IDUs were recruited in New Haven, CT, Hartford, CT and Springfield, MA from January 2000 to May 2002. Participants were administered a modified version of the National Institute on Drug Abuse Risk Behavior Assessment Questionnaire. Results Nine percent (n = 89) of participants reported "ever" injecting crack cocaine and 4,2 % (n = 42) reported injecting crack in the past 30 days. Lifetime and current crack injectors did not differ significantly on any demographic characteristics. Lifetime and current crack injectors did not differ on gender, age or marital status from IDUs who have never injected crack. Significant differences were found on race, education, employment and residence, with crack injectors more likely to be white, employed, better educated and living in New Haven than IDUs who have never injected crack. After adjusting for current (past 30 day) speedball and powder cocaine injection, crack injectors reported higher rates of risky drug use behaviors and female crack injectors reported higher rates of risky sexual behaviors. Crack injectors reported higher rates of abscesses, mental illness and Hepatitis C infection, but not Hepatitis B or HIV infection. Conclusions The emergence of crack cocaine injection requires urgent attention, as this new drug use behavior is associated with elevated rates of high risk behaviors. (Review's abstract). Cote CIRDD : 806080 Thématique : Drogues illicites Bibliographie : 37 Permalink : http://doc.cirddalsace.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=8030 [article]

*** / DURSTELER-MACFARLAND K. M. ; STOHLER R. ; MOLDOVANYI A. ; REY S. ; BASDEKIS R. ; GSCHWEND P. ; ESCHMANN S. ; REHM J. in Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 81 (3) (2006)

[article]  in Drug and Alcohol Dependence > 81 (3) (2006)  - p.231-239 Titre : *** Titre autre langue : Complaints of heroin-maintained patients : A survey of symptoms ascribed to diacetylmorphine Type de document : Périodique Auteurs : DURSTELER-MACFARLAND K. M. ; STOHLER R. ; MOLDOVANYI A. ; REY S. ; BASDEKIS R. ; GSCHWEND P. ; ESCHMANN S. ; REHM J. Année de publication : 2006 Article en page(s) : p.231-239 Caractéristiques matérielles : tabl. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Thésaurus TRAITEMENT DE MAINTENANCE ; EFFET SECONDAIRE ; HEROINE Résumé : Prescribing of injectable diacetylmorphine (DAM) for heroin dependence has raised concerns about its safety. In light of various reports by heroin-maintained patients of DAM-related adverse events, and previously established unwanted effects of opioids in pain management, we undertook a survey in February 2001 of a random sample of 132 (127 participated) of 1061 patients prescribed DAM in Switzerland at that time. The purpose was to document the prevalence rates of a list of unintended symptoms experienced and attributed to DAM by patients. To assess symptom complaints and other data, staff administered a six-page self-report questionnaire. The patients ascribed numerous symptoms to DAM, with the best-known being the most frequently reported (e.g. skin itching, sweating, constipation). Among potentially more problematic complaints ranged irregular menses, cognitive deficits, muscle twitches, labored breathing, pains in the cardiac region, and temporary paralysis of limbs. In the absence of a control group, however, these may also be due to other factors, such as expectation, co-medication, concomitant substance use or co-morbidity. This pilot study emphasizes the necessity of rigorous assessment of the true rates, types, severity and preventability of such complications, especially given the current efforts to establish heroin maintenance as an optional treatment for heroin dependence. (Review's abstract). Cote CIRDD : 806081 Thématique : Drogues illicites Bibliographie : 65 Permalink : http://doc.cirddalsace.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=8031 [article]

*** / HESTER R. ; DIXON V. ; GARAVAN H. in Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 81 (3) (2006)

[article]  in Drug and Alcohol Dependence > 81 (3) (2006)  - p.251-257 Titre : *** Titre autre langue : A consistent attentional bias for drug-related material in active cocaine users across word and picture versions of the emotional Stroop task Type de document : Périodique Auteurs : HESTER R. ; DIXON V. ; GARAVAN H. Année de publication : 2006 Article en page(s) : p.251-257 Caractéristiques matérielles : tabl. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Thésaurus RENFORCEMENT ; COCAINE Résumé : Evidence from a number of drug-abuse populations suggests that an attentional bias for drug-related stimuli can be identified in chronic users. Such an effect has yet to be reliably demonstrated in cocaine users, despite mounting evidence of the salience and reinforcing properties of cocaine-related cues. The aim of the current study was to administer word (modeled on the versions shown to successfully identify attentional biases in alcohol abusers) and picture versions of the emotional Stroop tasks to gauge the reliability of cocaine-specific attentional biases across stimuli domains. A comparison of active cocaine users (n = 23), and their age and education matched controls revealed a significant bias for cocaine-related pictures and words in users. This attentional bias could not be attributed to confounding factors such as slowed response speed of cocaine users, cocaine-related material sharing category ownership, or that the cocaine-related material used in the current study was generally arousing for all participants. A comparison of the different classes of stimuli indicated that cocaine users had a very similar level of difficulty controlling their attention towards both cocaine-related material and incongruent-colour word stimuli, the latter being the traditional measure of attentional control from the Stroop task. These results provide corroborating evidence for cognitive biases being a hallmark of substance dependence. (Review's abstract). Cote CIRDD : 806083 Thématique : Drogues illicites Bibliographie : 38 Permalink : http://doc.cirddalsace.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=8032 [article]

*** / PETERSSON A. ; GARLE M. ; HOLMGREN P. ; DRUID H. ; KRANTZ P. ; THIBLIN I. in Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 81 (3) (2006)

[article]  in Drug and Alcohol Dependence > 81 (3) (2006)  - p.241-249 Titre : *** Titre autre langue : Toxicological findings and manner of death in autopsied users of anabolic androgenic steroids Type de document : Périodique Auteurs : PETERSSON A. ; GARLE M. ; HOLMGREN P. ; DRUID H. ; KRANTZ P. ; THIBLIN I. Année de publication : 2006 Article en page(s) : p.241-249 Caractéristiques matérielles : fig., graph., tabl. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Thésaurus MORTALITE ; TOXICOLOGIE ; ANABOLISANTS Résumé : With the aim to characterize patterns in toxicological profile and manner of death in deceased users of anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS), a retrospective autopsy protocol study of 52 deceased users of AAS was undertaken. The AAS users were compared to 68 deceased users of amphetamine and/or heroin who were consecutively tested and found to be negative for AAS. Use of AAS was in the majority of cases (79 %) associated with concomitant use of psychotropic substances. AAS-related deaths differed in several respects from deaths among users of heroin or amphetamine, most strikingly with regard to : (a) the median age at death, which was significantly lower for AAS users (24,5 years) than for users of heroin and/or amphetamine (34 and 40 years, respectively); (b) the manner of death, with AAS users dying significantly more often from homicide or suicide than users of other drugs; and (c) the body mass index (BMI), with AAS users exhibiting significantly higher BMI than users of other drugs. These results support the earlier reported association between use of AAS and use of other psychoactive substances. In addition, the data suggest that AAS users are more likely to become involved in incidents leading to violent death and have a higher risk of dying at a younger age than users of other drugs. (Review's abstract). Cote CIRDD : 806082 Thématique : Médicaments Bibliographie : 38 Permalink : http://doc.cirddalsace.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=8033 [article]

*** / CAMPBELL J. V. ; HAGAN H. ; LATKA M. H. ; GARFEIN R. S. ; GOLUB E. T. ; COADY M. H. ; THOMAS D. L. ; STRATHDEE S. A. ; THE STRIVE PROJECT in Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 81 (3) (2006)

[article]  in Drug and Alcohol Dependence > 81 (3) (2006)  - p.259-265 Titre : *** Titre autre langue : High prevalence of alcohol use among hepatitis C virus antibody positive injection drug users in three US cities Type de document : Périodique Auteurs : CAMPBELL J. V. ; HAGAN H. ; LATKA M. H. ; GARFEIN R. S. ; GOLUB E. T. ; COADY M. H. ; THOMAS D. L. ; STRATHDEE S. A. ; THE STRIVE PROJECT Année de publication : 2006 Article en page(s) : p.259-265 Caractéristiques matérielles : tabl. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Thésaurus INJECTION ; HEPATITE ; USAGER ; PREVALENCE ; CONSOMMATION ; ALCOOL ; SEROPOSITIVITE Résumé : Injection drug users (IDUs) acquire the majority of new hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections and frequently use alcohol. Alcohol abuse accelerates liver disease among HCV-infected persons, can reduce the effectiveness of treatment for HCV infection and may be a contraindication for HCV treatment. HCV seropositive, HIV-negative IDUs aged 18-35 years in Baltimore, New York City and Seattle who were enrolled in a behavioral risk-reduction intervention trial underwent computerized self-interviews to assess baseline alcohol use and dependence and medical history. We measured problem alcohol use using the 10-item Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) scale. Of 598 participants, 84% responded ôfalseö to: ôit is safe for a person with HCV to drink alcoholö. Problem drinking, defined as score = 8 on AUDIT, was identified in 37 %. Correlates of scoring = 8 on AUDIT included homelessness, male gender, primarily injecting speedballs, having injected with used needles, prior alcohol treatment and depression. Although most HCV seropositive IDUs in our sample appear informed about their increased risk of liver disease from alcohol, two-fifths screened positive for problem alcohol use. These findings underscore the importance of referring HCV-positive persons to effective alcohol treatment programs to reduce future liver damage and improve eligibility for and effectiveness of treatment of HCV. (Review's abstract). Cote CIRDD : 806084 Thématique : Drogues illicites Bibliographie : 34 Permalink : http://doc.cirddalsace.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=8034 [article]

*** / BISAGA A. ; AHARONOVICH E. ; GARAWI F. ; LEVIN F. R. ; RUBIN E. ; RABY W. N. ; NUNES E. V. in Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 81 (3) (2006)

[article]  in Drug and Alcohol Dependence > 81 (3) (2006)  - p.267-274 Titre : *** Titre autre langue : A randomized placebo-controlled trial of gabapentin for cocaine dependence Type de document : Périodique Auteurs : BISAGA A. ; AHARONOVICH E. ; GARAWI F. ; LEVIN F. R. ; RUBIN E. ; RABY W. N. ; NUNES E. V. Année de publication : 2006 Article en page(s) : p.267-274 Caractéristiques matérielles : fig., tabl. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Thésaurus ESSAI THERAPEUTIQUE ; DEPENDANCE ; TRAITEMENT ; COCAINE Résumé : Background In laboratory animals, augmentation of GABA neurotransmission results in inhibition of cocaine self-administration and inhibition of reinstatement to cocaine-seeking behaviors. If parallel effects were observed in humans, GABA-ergic medication should be effective both in the abstinence-induction as well as in the relapse-prevention phase of cocaine dependence treatment. Gabapentin is an anticonvulsant medication that increases human brain GABA levels. We evaluated the safety and efficacy of gabapentin combined with relapse-prevention therapy in the treatment of cocaine-dependent individuals. Design The study involved 129 individuals with cocaine dependence. Of the 99 participants, who were randomized into a double-blind trial 88 % were males, 66 % were minorities and with an average age of 39 years (range 22-58 years). After 2 weeks of placebo lead-in, participants were randomized to receive either gabapentin 3200 mg (1600 mg bid) or placebo for 12 weeks, followed by 2 weeks of placebo lead-out. Prior to randomization, participants were stratified into four groups based on the principal route of cocaine use (smokers versus intranasal users) and the level of cocaine use during the 2 weeks of lead-in (high level versus low level). Throughout the 16 weeks study, participants received weekly individual relapse-prevention therapy. The outcome measures included: days of cocaine use and a binary indicator of abstinence based on urine toxicology test, self-reported cocaine craving and retention in treatment. Results RESUME INCOMPLET. (Review's abstract). Cote CIRDD : 806085 Thématique : Drogues illicites Bibliographie : 41 Permalink : http://doc.cirddalsace.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=8035 [article]

*** / LIU S. ; CUNNINGHAM K. A. in Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 81 (3) (2006)

[article]  in Drug and Alcohol Dependence > 81 (3) (2006)  - p.275-282 Titre : *** Titre autre langue : Serotonin2C receptors (5-HT2cR) control expression of cocaine-induced conditioned hyperactivity Type de document : Périodique Auteurs : LIU S. ; CUNNINGHAM K. A. Année de publication : 2006 Article en page(s) : p.275-282 Caractéristiques matérielles : fig., graph. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Thésaurus NEUROTRANSMETTEURS ; COCAINE ; TROUBLES DU COMPORTEMENT Résumé : Environmental cues can become classically conditioned to cocaine exposure and are known to contribute to drug craving and relapse in addicts. The 5-HT2c receptor (5-HT2cR) has been shown to control the behavioral effects of acute cocaine administration and, in the present study, we investigated the role of this receptor in the expression of cocaine-induced conditioned hyperactivity. Rats received repeated pairings of a distinct test environment with either saline or cocaine (15 mg/kg, i.p.) for 7 days. In a drug-free test 2 days after the last pairing, expression of conditioned hyperactivity was seen in the rats previously exposed to cocaine in the test environment. The 5-HT2cR agonist MK 212 (0,0625-0.5 mg/kg, i.p., 5 min before test) significantly decreased, while the 5-HT2cR antagonist SB 242084 (0,5-1 mg/kg, i.p. 30 min prior to test) enhanced, expression of cocaine-induced conditioned hyperactivity. The effective doses of MK 212 and SB 242084 did not alter basal activity on the test session. These results suggest that the 5-HT2cR controls expression of cocaine-induced conditioned hyperactivity and suggest that such ligands may be useful in preventing relapse and promoting abstinence in cocaine-dependent individuals. (Review's abstract). Cote CIRDD : 806086 Thématique : Drogues illicites Bibliographie : 59 Permalink : http://doc.cirddalsace.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=8036 [article]

*** / RABY W. N. ; CARPENTER K. M. ; AHARONOVICH E. ; RUBIN E. ; BISAGA A. ; LEVIN F. ; NUMES E. V. in Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 81 (3) (2006)

[article]  in Drug and Alcohol Dependence > 81 (3) (2006)  - p.283-292 Titre : *** Titre autre langue : Temperament characteristics, as assessed by the tridimensional personality questionnaire, moderate the response to sertraline in depressed opiate-dependent methadone patients Type de document : Périodique Auteurs : RABY W. N. ; CARPENTER K. M. ; AHARONOVICH E. ; RUBIN E. ; BISAGA A. ; LEVIN F. ; NUMES E. V. Année de publication : 2006 Article en page(s) : p.283-292 Caractéristiques matérielles : fig., tabl. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Thésaurus EFFICACITE ; PERSONNALITE ; PHARMACOTHERAPIE ; COCAINE Résumé : During a randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled study of the effects of sertraline in depressed methadone-maintained patients, 82 completed the tridimensional personality questionnaire (TPQ) to assess whether temperament dimensions can affect treatment-related changes in mood and drug use. Mood outcome significantly differed according to scores on the reward dependence scale (RD). Low RD participants displayed a significantly better mood response to sertraline than high RD participants. Participants with high harm avoidance (HA) scores were more likely to be abstinent at the end of the 12 week trial of sertraline than low HA participants. High persistence (P) participants were less likely to be abstinent at the end of the 12-week trial. These results suggest that temperament dimensions may be important for identifying substance dependent patients more likely to benefit from pharmacological interventions for comorbid depressive disorders. (Review's abstract). Cote CIRDD : 806087 Thématique : Drogues illicites Bibliographie : 80 Permalink : http://doc.cirddalsace.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=8037 [article]

*** / WILLIAMSON A. ; DARKE S. ; ROSS J. ; TEESSON M. in Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 81 (3) (2006)

[article]  in Drug and Alcohol Dependence > 81 (3) (2006)  - p.293-300 Titre : *** Titre autre langue : The effect of persistence of cocaine use on 12-month outcomes for the treatment of heroin dependence Type de document : Périodique Auteurs : WILLIAMSON A. ; DARKE S. ; ROSS J. ; TEESSON M. Année de publication : 2006 Article en page(s) : p.293-300 Caractéristiques matérielles : fig., tabl. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Thésaurus POLYCONSOMMATION ; COCAINE ; HEROINE Résumé : Aims To determine the effects of cocaine use across the study period on outcomes of treatment for heroin dependence 12 months post-treatment entry. Design Longitudinal cohort (12 months). Interviews were conducted at baseline, 3 and 12 months. Setting Sydney, Australia. Participants Four hundred ninety-five heroin users recruited for the Australian Treatment Outcome Study and re-interviewed at 12-month follow-up. Findings Cocaine was widely used among treatment entrants in NSW, with almost all having a lifetime history of cocaine use and almost half having used in the month preceding baseline. While there was an overall decline in cocaine use across the study period, individual use patterns varied widely. Approximately half of the cohort did not report cocaine use at any data point, with the remainder reporting having used at one (29 %), two (12 %), or at all three (5 %) points. Cocaine use across the study period was an independent predictor of most major treatment outcomes, with more cocaine use points predicting poorer outcome. Persistent cocaine use predicted a higher prevalence of homelessness, heroin use, daily injecting, needle sharing and injection-related health problems at 12 months as well as more extensive recent polydrug use. Conclusions Cocaine use was common among individuals seeking treatment for primary heroin dependence in NSW. Any cocaine use over the study period was associated with poorer outcomes in virtually all areas. Persistent cocaine use over the study period, however, appeared particularly detrimental. Cocaine use among clients should evidently be a cause for concern amongst treatment providers and may warrant being specifically targeted during treatment. (Review's abstract). Cote CIRDD : 806088 Thématique : Drogues illicites Bibliographie : 47 Permalink : http://doc.cirddalsace.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=8038 [article]

*** / CARROLL K. M. ; BALL S. A. ; NICH C. ; MARTINO S. ; FRANKFORTER T. L. ; FARENTINOS C. ; KUNKEL L. E. ; MIKULICH-GILBERTSON S. K. ; MORGENSTERN J. ; OBERT J. L. ; POLCIN D. ; SNEAD N. ; WOODY G. E. in Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 81 (3) (2006)

[article]  in Drug and Alcohol Dependence > 81 (3) (2006)  - p.301-312 Titre : *** Titre autre langue : Motivational interviewing to improve treatment engagement and outcome in individuals seeking treatment for substance abuse: a multisite effectiveness study Type de document : Périodique Auteurs : CARROLL K. M. ; BALL S. A. ; NICH C. ; MARTINO S. ; FRANKFORTER T. L. ; FARENTINOS C. ; KUNKEL L. E. ; MIKULICH-GILBERTSON S. K. ; MORGENSTERN J. ; OBERT J. L. ; POLCIN D. ; SNEAD N. ; WOODY G. E. Année de publication : 2006 Article en page(s) : p.301-312 Caractéristiques matérielles : tabl. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Thésaurus PRISE EN CHARGE ; ADDICTION Descripteurs internes ENTRETIEN MOTIVATIONNEL Résumé : Despite recent emphasis on integrating empirically validated treatment into clinical practice, there are little data on whether manual-guided behavioral therapies can be implemented in standard clinical practice and whether incorporation of such techniques is associated with improved outcomes. The effectiveness of integrating motivational interviewing (MI) techniques into the initial contact and evaluation session was evaluated in a multisite randomized clinical trial. Participants were 423 substance users entering outpatient treatment in five community-based treatment settings, who were randomized to receive either the standard intake/evaluation session at each site or the same session in which MI techniques and strategies were integrated. Clinicians were drawn from the staff of the participating programs and were randomized either to learn and implement MI or to deliver the standard intake/evaluation session. Independent analyses of 315 session audiotapes suggested the two forms of treatment were highly discriminable and that clinicians trained to implement MI tended to have higher skill ratings. Regarding outcomes, for the sample as a whole, participants assigned to MI had significantly better retention through the 28-day follow-up than those assigned to the standard intervention. There were no significant effects of MI on substance use outcomes at either the 28-day or 84-day follow-up. Results suggest that community-based clinicians can effectively implement MI when provided training and supervision, and that integrating MI techniques in the earliest phases of treatment may have positive effects on retention early in the course of treatment. (Review's abstract). Cote CIRDD : 806089 Thématique : Drogues illicites Bibliographie : 49 Permalink : http://doc.cirddalsace.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=8039 [article]

*** / LIECHTI M. E. ; KUNZ I. ; GREMINGER P. ; SPEICH R. ; KUPFERSCHMIDT H. in Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 81 (3) (2006)

[article]  in Drug and Alcohol Dependence > 81 (3) (2006)  - p.323-326 Titre : *** Titre autre langue : Clinical features of gamma-hydroxybutyrate and gamma-butyrolactone toxicity and concomitant drug and alcohol use Type de document : Périodique Auteurs : LIECHTI M. E. ; KUNZ I. ; GREMINGER P. ; SPEICH R. ; KUPFERSCHMIDT H. Année de publication : 2006 Article en page(s) : p.323-326 Caractéristiques matérielles : tabl. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Thésaurus GHB ; POLYCONSOMMATION ; TOXICITE Résumé : Objective To describe the clinical features of gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) and gamma-butyrolactone (GBL) toxicity. Methods Retrospective case-study of 65 GHB and GBL intoxications seen in an urban emergency department. Results 63 % of intoxications occurred in male patients. The median age was 24 years (range 16-41 years). 65 % co-ingested alcohol or illicit drugs, mostly MDMA and cocaine. 83 % presented with coma. The mean + S.D. time to regain consciousness among comatose patients was 111 + 61 min and was significantly longer in patients who co-abused illicit drugs such as cocaine or MDMA (155 + 60 min). Bradycardia occurred in 38 %, hypotension in 6 % and hypothermia in 48 %. Agitation was observed in 17 % of all patients and was significantly more frequent in patients with alcohol co-use (29 %). Vomiting occurred in 31 % of all patients and tended to be more frequent in patients who co-used alcohol (39 %). Management of GHB and GBL overdose was supportive. Four patients needed admission to an intensive care unit for mechanical ventilation (6 %). Conclusions Overdosing of GHB and GBL frequently results in non-reactive coma reflecting the severity of poisoning. Multiple drug use is common and significantly influences the clinical presentation. (Review's abstract). Cote CIRDD : 806091 Thématique : Drogues illicites Bibliographie : 17 Permalink : http://doc.cirddalsace.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=8040 [article]

*** / AHARONOVICH E. ; HASIN D. S. ; BROOKS A. C. ; LIU X. ; BISAGA A. ; NUNES E. V. in Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 81 (3) (2006)

[article]  in Drug and Alcohol Dependence > 81 (3) (2006)  - p.313-322 Titre : *** Titre autre langue : Cognitive deficits predict low treatment retention in cocaine dependent patients Type de document : Périodique Auteurs : AHARONOVICH E. ; HASIN D. S. ; BROOKS A. C. ; LIU X. ; BISAGA A. ; NUNES E. V. Année de publication : 2006 Article en page(s) : p.313-322 Caractéristiques matérielles : graph., tabl. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Thésaurus DEPENDANCE ; TRAITEMENT ; RETENTION ; COCAINE Résumé : Previously, we found that impaired cognition predicted treatment dropout from cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) in a small sample of cocaine dependent patients. To further address the role of impaired cognition in retention and treatment outcome of cocaine-dependent patients in CBT, we expanded a previous investigation to a larger sample, added depressed cocaine patients, and added an additional cognitive assessment. Fifty-six cocaine dependent patients receiving CBT in outpatient clinical trials were assessed for cognitive performance at treatment entry with the computerized MicroCog (MC) and the Wisconsin Card Sort Test (WCST). Treatment completion was defined as 12 or more weeks. Treatment dropouts had significantly lower MC scores (poorer cognitive functioning) than completers on attention, memory, spatial ability, speed, accuracy, global functioning, and cognitive proficiency, with effect sizes in the moderate to large range. These findings were not affected by depression, demographics (age, gender, race, sex, marital status) or drug use (years of cocaine use or average weekly cocaine expenditure in the prior 30 days). In contrast, patients' performance on the WCST was in the average or near-average range, and WCST scores did not differentiate between completers and dropouts. Consistent with previous research, results suggest that mild cognitive impairments (=1 S. D. below the mean) negatively affect retention in outpatient CBT treatment for cocaine dependence. Future studies should examine whether there are specific effects of different executive functioning abilities on treatment outcome. Modified behavioral and pharmacologic interventions should be considered to target mild cognitive impairments to improve substance treatment outcome. (Review's abstract). Cote CIRDD : 806090 Thématique : Drogues illicites Bibliographie : 54 Permalink : http://doc.cirddalsace.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=8041 [article]

Base de données du CIRDD Alsace

Contact pour aide à la recherche ou commande de documents :

CIRDD Alsace
8 rue Gustave Adolphe Hirn
67000 STRASBOURG
Tél : 03 90 40 54 30
contact@cirddalsace.fr

Accueil

Adresse