Dépouillements

*** / YE Y. ; CHERPITEL C. J. in Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 97 (3) (2008)

[article]  in Drug and Alcohol Dependence > 97 (3) (2008)  - p.226-230 Titre : *** Titre autre langue : Drug use and problem drinking associated with primary care and emergency room utilization in the US general population : Data from the 2005 national alcohol survey Type de document : Périodique Auteurs : YE Y. ; CHERPITEL C. J. Année de publication : 2008 Article en page(s) : p.226-230 Caractéristiques matérielles : tabl. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Thésaurus ADMISSION ; ETUDE LONGITUDINALE ; PRODUIT ILLICITE ; ALCOOL ; URGENCE ; ABUS Descripteurs géographiques ETATS-UNIS Descripteurs internes INTERVENTION BREVE Résumé : Background. Substance use problems are overrepresented in probability samples of patients in primary care settings including the emergency room (ER) compared to the general population. While large proportions of those with alcohol or drug use disorders are most likely to obtain services for these problems outside the mental health or substance abuse treatment system, accounting, in part, for this overrepresentation, little is known about the association of alcohol misuse or drug use with health services utilization in the general population. Methods. The prevalence and predictive value of alcohol misuse and drug use on ER and primary care use was analyzed on 6919 respondents from the 2005 National Alcohol Survey (NAS). Results. Among those reporting an ER visit during the last year, 24% were positive for risky drinking (14+ drinks weekly for men and 7+ for females and/or 5+/4+ in a day in the last 12 months), 8% for problem drinking, 3% for alcohol dependence, and 7% for illicit drug use greater than monthly. Figures for primary care users were, respectively: 24%, 5%, 3%, and 3%. ER users were more likely to be positive for problem drinking and greater than monthly illicit drug use compared to non-ER users, while no significant differences were found in substance use for users and non-users of primary care. In logistic regression controlling for gender, age, and health insurance, problem drinkers were twice as likely as non-problem drinkers (Odds ratio, OR = 1.99) (p < 0.01), and those reporting greater than monthly drug use were almost twice as likely as those using drugs less frequently or not at all (OR = 1.92; p = 0.01) to report ER use, while those reporting alcohol dependence were 1.63 times more likely to report primary care use (p < 0.05)... (From the review's abstract). Cote CIRDD : 805428 Thématique : Plusieurs addictions Bibliographie : 16 Permalink : http://doc.cirddalsace.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=9351 [article]

*** / SMIT E. ; VERDURMEN J. ; MONSHOUWER K. ; SMIT F. in Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 97 (3) (2008)

[article]  in Drug and Alcohol Dependence > 97 (3) (2008)  - p.195-206 Titre : *** Titre autre langue : Family interventions and their effect on adolescent alcohol use in general populations; a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials Type de document : Périodique Auteurs : SMIT E. ; VERDURMEN J. ; MONSHOUWER K. ; SMIT F. Année de publication : 2008 Article en page(s) : p.195-206 Caractéristiques matérielles : fig., tabl. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Thésaurus ADOLESCENT ; FAMILLE ; PARENT ; ALCOOL ; THERAPIE FAMILIALE Résumé : Aims. In order to quantify the effectiveness of family interventions in reducing adolescent drinking, we conducted a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Methods. We searched the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, ERIC (Educational Research Information Center), Medline and PsycInfo for studies published between 1995 and September 2006. Summary estimates (OR and Cohen's d) were derived from the difference in changed alcohol consumption between family intervention and control group. Random effect models were used to estimate the overall effect and heterogeneity among studies. Eighteen papers describing nine independent trials were eligible for inclusion in this meta-analysis. Results. The overall effect of family interventions in reducing alcohol initiation (OR: 0.71; 95% CI: 0. 54, 0.94) and frequency of alcohol use (d:-0.25; 95% CI:-0.37,-0.12) show the success of these programs. There was heterogeneity between studies reporting on alcohol initiation (p-heterogeneity: <0.001; I2: 78. 6%). Yet, the most successful interventions continued to be effective in reducing alcohol initiation even at 48 months follow-up (pooled estimate (OR): 0.53; 95% CI: 0.38, 0.75). Conclusion. The results from this meta-analysis suggest that the overall effect of family interventions on adolescent alcohol use is small, yet consistent and effective even at 48 months. (Review's abstract). Cote CIRDD : 805427 Thématique : Alcool Bibliographie : 51 Permalink : http://doc.cirddalsace.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=9352 [article]

*** / ABUMADINI M. S. ; RAHIM S. I. A. ; AL-ZAHRANI M. A. ; AL-JOHI A. O. in Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 97 (3) (2008)

[article]  in Drug and Alcohol Dependence > 97 (3) (2008)  - p.231-236 Titre : *** Titre autre langue : Two decades of treatment seeking for substance use disorders in Saudi Arabia: Trends and patterns in a rehabilitation facility in Dammam Type de document : Périodique Auteurs : ABUMADINI M. S. ; RAHIM S. I. A. ; AL-ZAHRANI M. A. ; AL-JOHI A. O. Année de publication : 2008 Article en page(s) : p.231-236 Caractéristiques matérielles : fig., tabl. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Thésaurus EVOLUTION ; ALCOOL ; TRAITEMENT ; AMPHETAMINES ; CANNABIS ; DEMANDE ; HEROINE Descripteurs géographiques ARABIE SAOUDITE Résumé : Background. Treatment provision and treatment seeking for substance use disorders is a relatively new phenomenon in the Middle East. The present study aims to study these trends among first admissions to the specialized addiction treatment Amal Hospital of Dammam over its first two decades (1986-2006). The main outcome measures were: annual inception number (AIN), relative frequency of substances (RFS), relative frequency of drug combinations (RFDC), mean number of substances (MNS), and sociodemographic changes. Results. A total of 12,743 patients were admitted between 1986 and 2006. The majority were aged 20-39 years (83%), never married (60%), and with low education (81%). In the second decade, subjects were significantly older and less unemployed than in the first decade (28.9 years versus 30. 2 years; 27% versus 19%). The mean AIN rose from 509 in the first decade to 765 in the second decade. In the same periods, the RFS increased for amphetamines and cannabis (from 12.1 and 17.5% to 48.1 and 46.5%, respectively), decreased for heroin, sedatives and volatile substances (from 51.1, 15.1, and 6.1% to 22.5, 7.3, and 2.5%, respectively), and remained stable for alcohol (from 27.1 to 26.7%). The overall RFDC increased from 25.5 to 43.2% with significant pair-wise increases of cannabis/amphetamine, alcohol/cannabis and alcohol/amphetamine, and heroin/alcohol. The mean number of substances per subject increased from 1.32 to 1.56%. Conclusions. Significant shifts have occurred in the types and patterns substances use among treatment-seeking subjects. These findings underscore the need for community-based epidemiologic studies and for the establishment of a comprehensive drug information system in Saudi Arabia. (Review's abstract). Cote CIRDD : 805429 Thématique : Plusieurs addictions Bibliographie : 21 Permalink : http://doc.cirddalsace.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=9453 [article]

*** / FADARDI J. S ; COX W. M. in Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 97 (3) (2008)

[article]  in Drug and Alcohol Dependence > 97 (3) (2008)  - p.247-256 Titre : *** Titre autre langue : Alcohol-attentional bias and motivational structure as independent predictors of social drinkersÆ alcohol consumption Type de document : Périodique Auteurs : FADARDI J. S ; COX W. M. Année de publication : 2008 Article en page(s) : p.247-256 Caractéristiques matérielles : tabl. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Thésaurus FACTEUR DE RISQUE ; MILIEU ETUDIANT ; MOTIVATION ; CONSOMMATION ; ALCOOL Descripteurs géographiques ROYAUME-UNI Résumé : Prior studies aimed at explaining cognitive-motivational reasons for drinking have focused on either cognitive or motivational factors, but not on both. This study examined the ability of both alcohol-attentional bias and motivational structure to predict alcohol consumption. Participants were university students (N = 87) who completed a battery of tests, including the Personal Concerns Inventory (a measure of adaptive and maladaptive motivation), an alcohol Stroop test (a measure of alcohol-attentional bias), and an alcohol-use inventory. Regression, moderation, and mediation analyses showed that (a) maladaptive motivation and alcohol-attentional bias were positive predictors of alcohol consumption after participantsÆ age, gender, and executive cognitive functioning had been controlled, and (b) maladaptive motivation and alcohol-attentional bias independently predicted alcohol consumption. The implications of the results for both theory and practice are discussed. (Review's abstract). Cote CIRDD : 805431 Thématique : Alcool Bibliographie : 102 Permalink : http://doc.cirddalsace.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=9457 [article]

*** / MARSHALL B. D. L. ; FAIRBAIRN N. ; LI K. ; WOOD E. ; KERR T. in Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 97 (3) (2008)

[article]  in Drug and Alcohol Dependence > 97 (3) (2008)  - p.237-246 Titre : *** Titre autre langue : Physical violence among a prospective cohort of injection drug users: A gender-focused approach Type de document : Périodique Auteurs : MARSHALL B. D. L. ; FAIRBAIRN N. ; LI K. ; WOOD E. ; KERR T. Année de publication : 2008 Article en page(s) : p.237-246 Caractéristiques matérielles : tabl. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Thésaurus SEXE FEMININ ; INJECTION ; VIH ; SEXE MASCULIN ; USAGER ; VIOLENCE ; COMPARAISON Descripteurs géographiques CANADA Résumé : Although dramatically heightened rates of violence have been observed among injection drug users (IDU), little is known about the gender differences associated with violence among this population. Employing a risk environment framework, we performed an analysis of the factors associated with experiencing violence among participants enrolled in a prospective cohort study of IDU during the years 1996-2005 using generalized estimating equations (GEE). Among 1114 individuals, 291 (66%) of females and 470 (70%) of males reported experiencing violence during the study period. In multivariate analyses, mental illness, frequent alcohol use, frequent crack use, homelessness, Downtown Eastside residency, and requiring help injecting were positively associated with experiencing violence for both sexes (all p < 0.05). For females, binge drug use (AOR = 1.30) and drug dealing (AOR = 1.42) were positively associated with violence, while younger age (AOR = 1.02), frequent heroin injection (AOR = 1.24), and incarceration (AOR = 1.50) were significant for males. Women were more likely to be attacked by acquaintances, partners, and sex trade clients, while men were more likely to experience violence from strangers and the police. These findings indicate that susceptibility to violence among IDU is structured by environmental factors such as homelessness and drug-related factors such as frequent alcohol use and involvement in drug economies. Furthermore, important gender differences with respect to the predictors and characteristics of violent attacks do exist. These findings indicate an urgent need for the development of comprehensive programs and structural interventions that take a gender-focused approach to violence among IDU. (Review's abstract). Cote CIRDD : 805430 Thématique : Drogues illicites Bibliographie : 68 Permalink : http://doc.cirddalsace.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=9458 [article]

*** / GU J. ; CHEN H. ; CHEN X. ; LAU J. T. F. ; WANG R. ; LIU C. ; LIU J. ; LEI Z. ; LI Z. in Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 97 (3) (2008)

[article]  in Drug and Alcohol Dependence > 97 (3) (2008)  - p.257-267 Titre : *** Titre autre langue : Severity of drug dependence, economic pressure and HIV-related risk behaviors among non-institutionalized female injecting drug users who are also sex workers in China Type de document : Périodique Auteurs : GU J. ; CHEN H. ; CHEN X. ; LAU J. T. F. ; WANG R. ; LIU C. ; LIU J. ; LEI Z. ; LI Z. Année de publication : 2008 Article en page(s) : p.257-267 Caractéristiques matérielles : tabl. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Thésaurus SEXE FEMININ ; INJECTION ; VIH ; PROSTITUE ; CONDUITE A RISQUE ; COMPORTEMENT Descripteurs géographiques CHINE Résumé : Background. Female injecting drug users (IDUs) who are also sex workers (FSW-IDUs) is an important bridge population transmitting HIV from the IDU population to clients of FSWs. Little is known about the relationships between severity of drug dependence, economic pressure and relevant HIV-related risk behaviors. Methods. 281 non-institutionalized participants were recruited using snowball sampling methods. Anonymous face-to-face interviews were administered by trained doctors. Results. 64.1% of participants used condoms inconsistently with their clients in the past 6 months; 28.5% served at least 2 clients per day and 48.4% practiced at least one of the three studied needle sharing behaviors. Severity of drug dependence (adjusted OR = 1.05, p < 0.01) and economic pressure (adjusted OR = 1.07 to 2.52, p < 0.05) were significantly associated with inconsistent condom use with clients in the last 6 months. Severity of drug dependence (adjusted OR = 1.15, p < 0.01) and variables related to perceived economic pressure (adjusted OR = 1.09-3.05, p < 0.05) were significantly associated with higher frequency of commercial sex transaction. Severity of drug dependence (adjusted OR = 1.07, p < 0.01) were also associated with needle sharing behaviors. In summary models, severity of drug dependence (OR = 1.17, p < 0.001), economic pressure (OR = 1.39, p < 0. 001) and their interaction term (OR = 0.98, p < 0.001) were all associated with inconsistent condom use with clients in the last 6 months. Conclusions. Prevalence of unprotected commercial sex was high and was independently associated with severity of drug dependence and economic pressure; severity of drug dependence was also associated with needle sharing behaviors. Such issues need to be fully considered when planning research studies and interventions. (Review's abstract). Cote CIRDD : 805432 Thématique : Sida-IST-Hépatites Bibliographie : 50 Permalink : http://doc.cirddalsace.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=9459 [article]

*** / WOJNAR M. ; ILGEN M. A. ; JAKUBCZYK A. ; WNOROWSKA A. ; KLIMKIEWICZ A. ; BROWER K. J. in Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 97 (3) (2008)

[article]  in Drug and Alcohol Dependence > 97 (3) (2008)  - p.268-275 Titre : *** Titre autre langue : Impulsive suicide attempts predict post-treatment relapse in alcohol-dependent patients Type de document : Périodique Auteurs : WOJNAR M. ; ILGEN M. A. ; JAKUBCZYK A. ; WNOROWSKA A. ; KLIMKIEWICZ A. ; BROWER K. J. Année de publication : 2008 Article en page(s) : p.268-275 Caractéristiques matérielles : graph., tabl. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Thésaurus FACTEUR DE RISQUE ; DEPENDANCE ; ALCOOL ; RECHUTE ; TENTATIVE DE SUICIDE Descripteurs géographiques POLOGNE Résumé : Background. The present study was designed to examine the influence of suicidality on relapse in alcohol-dependent patients. Specifically, a lifetime suicide attempt at baseline was used to predict relapse in the year after treatment. Also, the unique contribution of impulsive suicide attempts was examined. Methods. A total of 154 patients with alcohol dependence, consecutively admitted to four addiction treatment facilities in Warsaw, Poland participated in the study. Of the 154 eligible patients, 118 (76.6%) completed a standardized follow-up assessment at 12 months. Results. Previous suicide attempts were common in adults treated for alcohol dependence with 43% patients in the present sample reporting an attempt at some point during their lifetime. Additionally, more than 62% of those with a lifetime suicide attempt reported making an impulsive attempt. Lifetime suicide attempts were not associated with post-treatment relapse (chi-square = 2.37, d.f. = 1, p = 0.124). However, impulsive suicide attempts strongly predicted relapse (OR = 2.81, 95% CI = 1.13-6.95, p = 0.026) and time to relapse (OR = 2.10, 95% CI = 1.18-3.74, p = 0.012) even after adjusting for other measures of baseline psychopathology, depression, impulsivity, hopelessness and alcohol use severity. Conclusions. This study is the first to document the relationship between pre-treatment impulsive suicide attempts and higher likelihood of post-treatment relapse in alcohol-dependent patents. Clinicians should routinely conduct an assessment for previous suicide attempts in patients with alcohol use disorders, and when impulsive suicidality is reported, they should recognize the increased risk for relapse and formulate their patientsÆ treatment plans accordingly with the goals of reducing both alcoholic relapse and suicide rates. (Review's abstract). Cote CIRDD : 805433 Thématique : Alcool Bibliographie : 71 Permalink : http://doc.cirddalsace.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=9460 [article]

Base de données du CIRDD Alsace

Contact pour aide à la recherche ou commande de documents :

CIRDD Alsace
8 rue Gustave Adolphe Hirn
67000 STRASBOURG
Tél : 03 90 40 54 30
contact@cirddalsace.fr

Accueil

Adresse